By-pass valve for locomotives.



No. 877,868. v PATENTED JAN. 28, 1908. J. E. SAGUB & F. J. COLE.

BY PASS VALVE FOR LOOOMOTIVES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2a. 1906.

SHEETSSHEBT 1.

F G. F.

wammsaa mw/ i /mw PATENTED JAN. 28, 1908. GUB 65 F. J. 00m Y J. E. SA BY PASS VALVE FOR LOCOMOTIVES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 28, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

JAMES E., SAGUE AND FRANCIS J. COLE, Ol!

AMERICAN LOCOMOTIVE COMPANY,.OF NEW YORK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

PATENT OFFICE.

NElYYORK, N. Y.', SAID COLE ASSIGNOR TO YORK. N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW BY-PASS VALVE FOR LOCOMOTIVES;

Patented Jan. 28, 1908.

Anpiication filed March 28. 1906. Serial No. 308.440.

' 0 all whom 'it may concern:

Be it knownthat we, JAMES E. SAGUE and FRANCIS J. COLE, both of the borough of Manhattan, in the city and State of ew York, have invented a certain new and useful linprovement in By-Pass Valves for hocoino- F tives, of wlnch improvement the following is a specification.

The object ol' our. invention is to provide means, of simple and inexpensive construction, and ready applicability 1n locomotive engines of the various present standard types, whereby the formation of a vacuum in the valve chests, and the ob ectionable results of expansion and compression in the cylinders, when the engine is drifting", or

running with a closed throttle on a. dcscend- 1 ing grade, may be effectually prevented, without necessitating the use of special air admission valves operating independently of those which provide for circulation in the steam and exhaust passages and cylinders.

.Tl'lG.ll'llPI'OYCHXQHU(flttllllCll is hereinafter -fully. set forth.

in the accompanying drawings: Figure l is a longitudinal central section through one of the cylinders, and its valve chest, of a locomotive engine, illustrating the application of our invention thereto; Fig. '2, a vertical central section, on a larger scale, through one of the by. pass valve mechanisms and its chest; Fig. 3, a horizontal section on the line (1- a of Fig. 2; and, Fig. 4, an end view of a by pass valve chest.

Our invention is-herein exemplified in connection with a. locomotive engine cylinder,

12'. in which is fitted a piston, -:tl),'tixed upon a piston rodflO", and which communicates by inductin and eduction ports, I), b, adjacent to its ends, witha valve chest, 12", having a central steam space, a, which is in constant connnunication with a steam supply passage leading from the boiler, and end exhaust spaces, 14, which are in constant communication with an cxhaust passage. The supply and exhaust of steam to and from the cylinder are elfected by a distribution valve, which is of the internal admission pistonl'ype, and comprises a hollow or tubular body, 16, and two end pistons, 16, fixed upon a valve stem, 16", and reciprocated by any suitable valve gear in the ordinary manner.

T he end pistons, 16" are fitted truly tc travlavhich communicate with the cylinder -ports, (I) b, and through which, by the movements of i the distribution valve, each of the cylinder ports is alternately put into communication i with the steam space, a, of the valve chest, and with the adjacent exhaust space, 14, I thereof, respectively. The ends of thecylinder are closed by heads, 12, and those of l the valve chcs't. by heads, 12*, and the c'onstruction thus far described is one which is well known and extensively used. E In the practice of our invention, we conncct to the valve chest, lil adjacent'to each i of its ends, a chest or casing, 17, having two 1 channels or passages, l7, 17, one of which, 17, is; in all positions of the distribution valve, in conniumication, through a port, (I, in the valve chcst, with the ports. '4', of the adjacent valve chest bushing 12, and, through the annular spatcarounil the valve bushing, 1'. with the adjacent cylinder port, I). The other passage, 17, is in constant communication, through a port, 0, in the valve chest, with the central steam space, (1, thereof.. (ommunicatimi between the passages, l7, and 17", of each chest, andlaetween the-passage, l7", and the atmosphere is controlled by an automatically operating valve mechanism comprising a body or stem, 18, a valve, 18, on one cnd thcrcot', seating around'and controlling a mrt, ]7,.to the atmos here, at one endof t m chest, a valve. 18", o, larger diameter, seating around and controlling a port in the wall between the passages, 17, and i7", andan end piston, 18", fitting a cylindrical chamber in the valve casing, which chamber is closed by a removable head, 17, to permit the insertion and removal of the valve mechanism. The valves, 18", and '18", are of the lift 'or poppet type. and the valve, 18, works in a C Yll1l(ll1l(ill f, for the admission of air to the chest passa e, 17,, when the valvcis ugiseatcd. lhe cylindrical chambcr in whi h the end piston, 18", is fitted, serves as a cushion chamber which prevents undulshocks in t lnopcral ion of the valves. by the leakage past it. through an ordinary scale, in Fig. 2. i As is well "lilllHHl to those fannhar with The iislon. l$,'is balanced loose fit, which in practice about .007 at an inch,- and is indicated, on an enlarged the operation of locomotive engines. the movements ol the pistons and valves, when guide in the chest in which are formed ports,

steam is shut off and the engine is driftin induce substantially objectionable resufis, due to expansion and compression in the valve chests and cylinders'and their pipe and passage connections, among which are the introduction into the cylinders of hot gases from the fire-box and smoke and cinders from the smoke box, caused by the forma- .pressure cylinders of compound engines,

frequently becomes so great as to seriously affect the economical operation of the locomotive.

In the operation of our invention, the by pass valve mechanisms are automatically actuated by atmosphere pressure actin upon the outer sides of the valves, 18",- an unseating' and holding open said valves and the connected valves, 18,- immediately upon the production of a partial vacuum in the steam supply pipe and central steam space, a, of the valve chest, when the engine is drifting. Communication is thereby opened between said space and the cylinder ports,

. b, permitting circulation as indicated by the arrows in Fig. l, and a suflicient supply of air to prevent the formation of a vacuum is admitted through the orts, 17. Suction from the smoke box, tirough the exhaust pipe and passages, and compression in the cyinders, with their attendant objections above noted, are thereby prevented. U on the readmission of steam to the cylin ers upon the opening of the throttle, the valves are seated by the action of the steam pressure upon the inner sides of the valves, 18*, and the distribution functions are thereupon performed in the ordinary manner.

We claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. A by pass and air admission mechanism for locomoti e cylinders, comprising a chest or casing having an airadmission port at one of its ends and two ad j acently located chan nels or passages leading from one of its sides, each adapted for direct connection to a valve chest port, and a body or stem carrying a valve which controls the air admission ort and a valve of larger diameter contro ing communication from one to the other of the adjoining valve chest port passages or chan-' vnels.

2. A by pass and air admission mechanism for locomotive cylinders,- comprising a chest o casing having a cushionchamber at one of its ends and an air admission port at the other and two intermediate lateral channels or passages. adapted for connection to a valve chest, a removable head closing the end of the cushion chamber, and a body or stem carrying a valve which controls the air admission port, a valve of larger diameter controlling communication between the lateral passages or channels, and a piston fitting in the cushion chamber.

3. The combination, with a locomotive engine cylinder and its valve chest, of a chest or casing having two pass es, one of .which communicates with an e aust space of the valve chest and is provided with-a port leading to the atmosphere, and the other'of which communicateswith a steam space of the valvechest, a valve controlling a port to the atmosphere and exposed, on its outer side, to" atmospheric pressure, a connected valve-controlling communicationbetween the two passages of the chest or casing and ex osed, on

-its inner side,.to the pressure int c steam space, and a connected iston, working in a cushion chamber In the c est of easing.

JAMES E. SAGUEL FRANCIS J. COLE. Witnesses:

J B. Enms, G. H. MEILER. I 

